The Science Behind ASMR: Why Do Some People Experience Tingles?

In recent years, Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) has surged in popularity, especially on platforms like YouTube and TikTok, where creators provide an array of soothing sounds—from soft whispers to gentle tapping—aimed at evoking a calming, tingling sensation. But what exactly is ASMR, and why do only some people experience these tingles?

What is ASMR?

ASMR, often described as a tingling sensation that starts at the scalp and moves down the neck and spine, is triggered by specific auditory or visual stimuli. These triggers can include soft-spoken voices, brushing sounds, tapping, or even personal attention scenarios like pretend haircuts or doctor’s visits.

Although ASMR is not universally experienced, those who do feel it often report sensations of relaxation, calm, and comfort. It’s become a popular tool for relieving stress, anxiety, and even insomnia, but despite its widespread use, the science behind ASMR is still in its infancy.

The Neuroscience of ASMR

Research into ASMR is still developing, but early studies provide some insight into how it works in the brain. ASMR is thought to activate regions of the brain associated with social bonding, relaxation, and emotional comfort, specifically the areas that respond to touch and social interaction.

A 2018 study using fMRI scans found that when people who experience ASMR watch triggering videos, their brain activity resembles the patterns typically associated with relaxation and comfort. Specifically, areas like the medial prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex—regions linked to emotional control and social behavior—light up. These are the same areas that are stimulated during positive social interactions, such as when someone receives a comforting touch or an act of kindness.

In other words, ASMR may simulate a comforting, intimate experience, even though the individual is simply listening to sounds or watching a video.

Why Don’t We All Experience ASMR?

Not everyone is susceptible to ASMR, and researchers aren’t entirely sure why. Some theories suggest that individuals who experience ASMR might have heightened sensitivity in the brain regions linked to emotional responses and sensory processing.

Additionally, personality traits might play a role. A 2017 study found that people who report feeling ASMR tend to score higher on openness to experience—a personality trait linked to curiosity, imagination, and a deep appreciation for sensory experiences. This suggests that those who are more open to emotional and sensory stimuli may be more likely to experience ASMR’s tingling effects.

ASMR vs. Frisson: What’s the Difference?

You might have heard of another phenomenon called "frisson," which is often described as “chills” or “goosebumps” triggered by emotionally powerful music, art, or experiences. While both frisson and ASMR involve tingling sensations, they are thought to arise from different neurological processes.

Frisson is typically linked to sudden surges of emotion, like awe or excitement, and involves the body’s fight-or-flight response. It’s believed to be triggered by an increase in dopamine, the brain’s "reward" chemical, in response to unexpected emotional moments.

In contrast, ASMR is usually associated with feelings of calm and relaxation, rather than emotional intensity. The brain’s response to ASMR tends to be soothing and gentle, more akin to how we might react to a loving or nurturing touch.

The Role of ASMR in Stress and Anxiety Reduction

Many people turn to ASMR videos as a form of relaxation or self-care. Research supports the idea that ASMR may help reduce stress and anxiety by slowing heart rates and lowering levels of the stress hormone cortisol. For some, the experience mimics the feeling of receiving personal attention or being nurtured, which may help calm the nervous system.

However, it’s important to note that ASMR is not a one-size-fits-all solution. Since the sensation isn’t universal, those who don’t experience ASMR may find these videos unremarkable or even irritating.

ASMR in Modern Culture

As more people discover ASMR, it has become a booming niche online. Some ASMR channels boast millions of subscribers, and creators have found innovative ways to explore new triggers and sounds, from role-play scenarios to cooking sounds.

Despite its growing popularity, there’s still much to uncover about ASMR’s neurological basis. More research is needed to understand why some people experience ASMR, and how it could potentially be used in therapeutic settings for stress, anxiety, and even chronic pain.

Conclusion

Though the science behind ASMR is still evolving, it’s clear that this unique sensory phenomenon taps into something deeply human—our need for comfort, connection, and relaxation. While not everyone experiences the tingles, those who do find ASMR to be an invaluable tool for de-stressing and unwinding in an increasingly noisy world.

As more research is conducted, we may uncover further insights into the brain’s response to ASMR and how it can be harnessed for well-being. For now, whether you experience tingles or not, ASMR’s growing popularity shows how powerful and diverse our sensory experiences can be.